Tesla S&X battery. Tesla is secretly creating a new generation of its own batteries Tesla battery weight

The new generation of Tesla batteries is being developed in a secret area

Alexander Klimnov, photo Tesla and Teslarati.com

Today Tesla Inc. is working very hard on the next generation of its own batteries. They should store significantly more energy and become much cheaper at the same time.

New batteries may begin to be used on the promising Tesla pickup truck (drawing of the possible appearance of the pickup truck, which, according to other sources, may become more brutal, since it will have to sweep America’s current best-selling Ford F-series from the market)

Californians were the ones who created the first high-energy lithium-ion batteries suitable for mass production of electric vehicles, thus dramatically increasing their range. At that time, the batteries of the Roadster model, the first-born of the Tesla brand, consisted of thousands of ordinary AA batteries for laptops, now for electric vehicles lithium ion batteries are created specifically. There are many manufacturers making them now, but Tesla's advanced technology still allows it to remain a leader in the energy-intensive battery segment. However, the first information about the next even more powerful generation of Tesla batteries began to leak into the world media.

Technological breakthrough through business acquisition
A revolutionary leap in terms of Tesla battery design development will likely occur thanks to the acquisition of Tesla Inc. from Maxwell Technologies of San Diego. Maxwell produces supercapacitors (ionisters) and is actively researching solid-state (dry) electrode technology. According to Maxwell, when using this technology, an energy intensity of 300 Wh/kg has already been achieved on battery prototypes. The task for the future is a breakthrough to an energy intensity level of more than 500 W h/kg. In addition, the production cost of solid-state batteries should be 10-20% lower than those currently used by Tesla with liquid electrolyte. The California-based company also announced another bonus - a projected doubling of battery life. This way, Tesla will be able to achieve the coveted 400-mile (643.6 km) range of its electric vehicles and achieve full price competitiveness with conventional cars.

The new 2020 Tesla Roadster supercar will be able to achieve a claimed range of 640 km only on completely new batteries

Tesla has planned its own battery production?
The German website of the magazine Auto motor und sport reports persistent rumors about Tesla deploying its own battery production. Until now, battery cells (cells) were supplied to Californians by the Japanese manufacturer Panasonic - for Model S and Model X they are imported directly from Japan, and for Model 3 cells are produced at Gigafactory 1 in the US state of Nevada. Production at Gigafactory 1 is jointly managed by Panasonic and Tesla. However, this has led to huge controversy recently, as Panasonic was apparently disappointed with Tesla's sales performance and also feared that the Californians would not expand this battery production in the future.

The intrigue of the launch of the compact Tesla Model Y in 2020 was the source of the batteries.

In particular, the rhythmic supply of batteries for the Model Y announced for the fall of 2020 has been called into question general director Panasonic Kazuhiro Tsuga. Currently, Panasonic has stopped investing in Gigafactory 1 altogether. Perhaps Tesla wants to become independent from the Japanese by mastering its own production of battery cells.
Tesla is currently a leader in high-capacity battery technology for electric vehicles, and Californians are determined to defend this fundamental competitive advantage. The decisive step could be the purchase of Maxwell Technologies, but this depends on how much progress the San Diego specialists have actually made in bringing their revolutionary solid-state battery technology to market.

If the revolutionary technology of solid-state batteries really takes place, then it is possible that the Tesla Semi electric tractor will become a bestseller in the truck market, like the Model 3 in cars.

So far, many automakers are adjusting to own production battery cells. It seems that Tesla also wants to become more independent from its supplier Panasonic and is therefore also conducting research in this area.
With the availability of revolutionary high-energy solid-state batteries in sufficient quantities, Tesla will gain a decisive advantage in the market and will finally release the really cheap and long-range electric vehicles long promised by its owner Elon Muskov, which will cause an avalanche-like growth of the BEV market.
According to CNBC sources, Tesla's secret laboratory is located in a separate building near the Tesla plant in Fremont (photo behind the splash screen). Previously, there were reports of a closed “laboratory zone” located on the second floor of the enterprise. It is likely that the current battery division is the successor to that former laboratory, but even more secretive.

Tesla can only achieve a real breakthrough in the automotive market if its line of models becomes even more “long-range” with a significant reduction in price

According to IHS Markit analysts, the most expensive element of a modern electric vehicle is accumulator battery, but most of the money for them is not Tesla, but Panasonic.
Insiders are not yet able to report real achievements secret laboratory Tesla. It is expected that Elon Musk will share it at the end of the year during the traditional conference call with investors.
Earlier it was reported that Tesla plans to sell 1,000 Tesla Model 3 electric vehicles per day. Tesla's current monthly record for Model 3 deliveries is 90,700 electric vehicles. If the company manages to deliver the planned number of electric vehicles in June, this record could be broken.

The Tesla battery is known throughout the world thanks to the company's breakthrough in the field of electric vehicles. The idea is not new and has been mastered by leading automobile companies for many years. However, American designers were able to optimize this area, taking into account the interests of the consumer. To a large extent, this became possible due to innovative energy supply systems aimed at completely replacing conventional internal combustion engines. Let's look at the features and types of this drive.

Application

The development of fundamentally new types of li-ion batteries is driven by the goals of improving the performance of electric cars. In this regard, the basic line of the Tesla S model is focused on providing vehicle innovative power sources. A feature of lithium-ion batteries is the introduction of a combined operating mode, in which alternating energy supply from the internal combustion engine and the battery is allowed. At the same time, the company’s engineers continue to develop machines that are completely independent of the usual type of fuel.

It is worth noting that engineers are not limited solely to the creation of power supplies for automobile transport. Several versions of Tesla batteries have already been released for domestic and commercial use. If the option for an electric car is aimed at maintaining the operation of running gear and on-board electronics, then stationary storage modifications are positioned as autonomous sources of electricity. The capabilities of these elements allow them to be used for servicing home appliances. Additionally, research is underway on solar energy storage. The work is still at the development stage.

Device

Tesla batteries have a unique structure and method of placing active components. The main difference from the analogue is the lithium-ion configuration. Similar elements are used in the design of mobile devices and electrical tools. They were first used as batteries for cars by Tesla engineers. The entire unit is divided into 74 compartments, which look like AA batteries. Depending on the battery configuration, it includes from 6 to 16 segments. The positive charge comes from the graphite electrode, the negative charge is provided by several chemical components, including nickel, cobalt and aluminum oxide.

Tesla batteries are integrated into the car by fixing them to the bottom of the vehicle. This arrangement ensures a lower center of gravity of the electric vehicle, increasing handling. Special brackets are used as fasteners. Currently, there are not many such solutions, so this part is often compared with a traditional battery.

Important points relate to safety and placement method. The first factor is guaranteed by the highly durable housing in which the battery is mounted. In addition, each block is equipped with a fence in the form of metal plates. In this case, not the entire internal part is insulated, but each element separately. It should also be noted that there is a plastic lining that prevents water from getting inside.

Converter.
High voltage wiring.
Basic charging device.
Additional “charging”.
Connector
Module.

Characteristics of the Tesla battery

The most powerful battery variation for an electric car consists of 7104 small batteries. Below are the parameters of the specified element:

Length/thickness/width – 2100/150/1500 mm.
The electrical voltage indicator is 3.6 V.
The amount of power generated by one section is identical to the potential of one hundred personal computers.
The weight of Tesla batteries is 540 kg.
The travel time on one charge on an average cell with a power of 85 kW/h is about 400 km.
Speed up to 100 km/h – 4.4 seconds.

Given the indicated characteristics, a reasonable question arises as to how durable these structures are, because high performance implies intense wear of the active parts. It should be noted that the manufacturer provides an eight-year warranty for its products. Most likely, the working life of the batteries in question will be the same.

So far, owners of electric cars cannot confirm or deny this fact. In addition, there are research results that indicate that the battery power parameter is characterized by its moderate loss. On average, this figure is about 5% per 80 thousand kilometers. There are other facts indicating that the owners of this vehicle are less likely to complain about problems in the battery compartment as new models are released.

Tesla battery capacity (model S)

It is necessary to evaluate the capacitance characteristics of batteries taking into account the development of production. Throughout the improvement of the line, the figure varied from 60 to 105 kW/h. Official information indicates that the peak battery capacity is around 100 kWh. As testimonials from owners indicate, the actual parameter will be slightly lower. For example, an 85 kW Tesla battery actually produces no more than 77 kW.

History also provides counter-examples confirming the excess of volume. There are known cases when a 100-kilowatt battery was endowed with a capacity of about 102 kW. From time to time, inconsistencies are discovered in the definition of active nutritional components. Mostly, discrepancies are observed in estimates of the number of block cells. This is due to the fact that the battery is constantly being modernized and improved, equipped with innovative elements.

The manufacturing company claims that every year updated modifications undergo transformations in electronic parts, cooling system, and architecture. The ultimate goal of designers is to achieve the highest possible quality characteristics of the product.

Power Wall version

As mentioned earlier, along with the production of Tesla car batteries, the company produces household versions of energy storage devices. One of the most productive and recent modifications was the lithium-ion version of the Power Wall. It is designed to generate energy as a constant source or is operated as a backup structure like an autonomous generator. The model is presented in several variations, differing in capacity and serving to perform certain energy tasks. The most popular versions are 7 and 10 kW/h units.

Regarding the operational parameters, it can be noted that the Power Wall has a power of 3.3 kW with an operating voltage of 350-450 watts, and a current of 9 A. The weight of the structure is 100 kilograms, therefore, there is no talk of its mobility. However, as an option, for example, for a summer cottage in the summer, the block is quite suitable. The unit is transported without problems, since the designers pay great attention to the mechanical protection of the body part. Certain disadvantages include a long battery charging period (12-18 hours), depending on the modification of the drive.

Model "Power Pack"

This system is based on previous version, however, it is oriented towards commercial purposes. This means that this Tesla battery is used to service businesses. It is an energy storage device that can be scaled and provides increased productivity systems at the target site. It should be noted that the battery capacity is 100 kW, and the indicated capacity does not refer to the maximum value. Engineers have provided a flexible design for the aggregation of several installations with the ability to obtain values from 500 kW to 10 MW.

Single modifications are also being upgraded in terms of operational quality. Official information has already been received about the appearance of the second generation of commercial batteries, whose power parameter was 200 kW, and the coefficient useful action approached 99%. The specified energy storage device differs in technological indicators. To expand the volume, the developers used a reversible inverter.

This innovation made it possible to simultaneously increase the power and performance of the system. The company plans to develop and introduce Power Pack cells into the design of additional solar components such as Solar Roof. This approach allows the energy potential of the battery to be renewed not through special highways, but through free solar flow in a continuous mode.

Production capacity

According to the manufacturer itself, innovative batteries are manufactured at Tesla's own Gigafactory. The assembly procedure was organized with the participation of representatives of Panasonic (supply of components for block segments). The specified enterprise produces the latest designs of power systems aimed at the third generation of Model electric cars.

It is assumed that the total number of products produced at the maximum production cycle will be up to 35 GWh. It is worth emphasizing that the indicated volume is half of all parameters of batteries produced in the world. Current maintenance is carried out by a team of 6.5 thousand people. In the future, it is planned to create an additional 20 thousand jobs.

Among the features there is a high degree of protection against hacking of the battery. This levels out possible risks filling the market with counterfeit variations. In addition, the production procedure itself involves the participation of high-precision robotic technology in the process. There is no doubt that at the present time only corporations of the Tesla level are capable of displaying all the technological production nuances. Most interested organizations do not need plagiarism, since they are intensively conducting their own development.

Price policy

The cost of a Tesla battery also constantly varies due to cheaper production technologies and due to the release of updated components with increased performance parameters. Two or three years ago, the type of storage device in question was sold for about 45 thousand dollars (about 3 million rubles). Now the blocks have a price of about five thousand dollars (330,000 rubles).

The cost of home analogues of the Power Wall configuration is approximately the same. The most expensive versions include a commercial battery. For example, the first generation of this device can be purchased for $20-25,000 (approximately 1,327,000 - 1,650,000 rubles).

Competing modifications

Tesla is not a monopolist in the production of li-ion batteries. Despite the fact that other brands are not so well known on the market, their parameters are quite competitive. Among the popular representatives:

The Korean corporation LG produces Chem Resu drives, which are analogues of Tesla's PowerWall (a 6.5 kW/h system costs about 4 thousand dollars or 265,000 rubles).
The product from Sunverge has a power range from 6 to 23 kW/h, and is distinguished by the ability to monitor charge and connect to solar panels (price is 10-20 thousand dollars or 665,000 - 1,327,000 rubles).
ElectrIQ company sells household storage batteries with a capacity of 10 kW/h (together with the inverter, the product will cost $13,000 or 865,000 rubles).
Among automobile competitors, companies such as Nissan and Mercedes stand out.

The first auto giant produces a series of XStorage type batteries (working volume - 4.2 kW/h). The nuances of this modification include a high level of environmental safety, which fully complies with international standards for the production of passenger cars. Mercedes produces compact versions of 2.5 kW/h. At the same time, they can be combined into enlarged productive systems capacity 20 kW/h.

Peculiarities

Tesla electric car batteries and their household analogues are not very accessible to the mass consumer. With Power Wall systems the situation changes somewhat due to cheaper components. But the idea of aggregation with blocks of solar panels cannot yet be successfully implemented due to high cost. Undoubtedly, the possibility of accumulating a free energy source is beneficial for consumers, but the purchase of such structures is beyond the means of most interested users.

The story is similar with other alternative drives, the principle of operation and use of which provides a lot of advantages, but requires the use of high-tech devices and devices.

Bottom line

In the market of batteries for electric cars, Tesla is the undisputed leader. This is largely due to the use of innovative equipment in the production of environmentally friendly transport. At the same time, engineers of a leading company face certain obstacles. For example, the Model S series with lithium-ion cells has been criticized for poor protection against fire of the power supply elements.

However, designers are constantly improving their models and take criticism constructively. For example, after the only battery fire in the history of electric vehicles, they began installing a hollow aluminum beam (to protect against obstacles on the road surface), a pressed aluminum shield, and a titanium plate. Everyone who bought cars before this improvement was offered to have them completed free of charge at service stations.

Traction lithium-ion batteriesTesla, what is inside?

Tesla Motors is the creator of truly revolutionary eco-cars - electric vehicles that are not only mass-produced, but also have unique characteristics that allow them to be used literally every day. Today we will look inside the traction battery of the Tesla Model S electric car, find out how it works and reveal the magic of the success of this battery.

Batteries are delivered to customers in OSB boxes like these.

The largest and most expensive spare part for the Tesla Model S is the traction battery unit.

The traction battery unit is located in the bottom of the car (essentially the floor of an electric car), due to which the Tesla Model S has a very low center of gravity and excellent handling. The battery is attached to the power part of the body using powerful brackets (see photo below) or acts as a power-bearing part of the car body.

According to the North American Environmental Protection Agency US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), one charge of a Tesla traction lithium-ion battery with a rated voltage of 400 V DC and a capacity of 85 kWh is enough for 265 miles (426 km), which allows you to cover the greatest distance among similar electric vehicles. At the same time, such a car accelerates from 0 to 100 km/h in just 4.4 seconds.

The secret to the success of the Tesla Model S is highly efficient cylindrical lithium-ion batteries with high energy capacity, the supplier of basic elements is the well-known Japanese company Panasonic. There are a lot of rumors surrounding these batteries.

ABOUTDean fromthem - thisdanger! Keep out!

One of the Tesla Model S owners and enthusiasts from the USA decided to completely disassemble the used battery for the Tesla Model S with an energy capacity of 85 kWh in order to study its design in detail. By the way, its cost as a spare part in the USA is 12,000 USD.

On top of the battery block there is a heat and sound insulating coating, which is covered with a thick plastic film. We remove this covering, in the form of a carpet, and prepare for disassembly. To work with the battery, you must have an insulated tool and use rubber shoes and rubber protective gloves.

Tesla battery. Let's sort it out!

The Tesla traction battery (traction battery unit) consists of 16 battery modules, each with a rated voltage of 25V (battery unit version - IP56). Sixteen battery modules are connected in series to form a battery with a nominal voltage of 400V. Each battery module consists of 444 cells (batteries) 18650 Panasonic (weight of one battery 46 g), which are connected according to the 6s74p circuit (6 cells in series and 74 such groups in parallel). In total, there are 7104 such elements (batteries) in the Tesla traction battery. The battery is protected from the environment by using metal case with aluminum cover. On the inside of the common aluminum cover there are plastic linings in the form of a film. The overall aluminum cover is secured with screws with metal and rubber gaskets, which are sealed additionally with silicone sealant. The traction battery unit is divided into 14 compartments, each compartment containing a battery module. Each compartment contains pressed mica sheets on the top and bottom of the battery modules. Mica sheets provide good electrical and thermal insulation of the battery from the body of the electric vehicle. Separately in front of the battery under its cover there are two similar battery modules. Each of the 16 battery modules has a built-in BMU, which is connected to common system BMS, which controls the operation, monitors the parameters, and also provides protection for the entire battery. The common output terminals (terminal) are located at the rear of the traction battery unit.

Before completely disassembling it, the electrical voltage was measured (it was about 313.8V), which indicates that the battery is discharged, but is in working condition.

Battery modules are distinguished by the high density of 18650 Panasonic elements (batteries) that are placed there and the precision of fitting of the parts. The entire assembly process at the Tesla factory takes place in a completely sterile room, using robots, and even a certain temperature and humidity are maintained.

Each battery module consists of 444 elements (batteries), which are extremely similar in appearance to simple AA batteries - these are 18650 lithium-ion cylindrical batteries manufactured by Panasonic. The energy intensity of each battery module of such elements is 5.3 kWh.

In Panasonic 18650 batteries, the positive electrode is graphite and the negative electrode is nickel, cobalt and aluminum oxide.

The Tesla traction battery weighs 540 kg, and its dimensions are 210 cm long, 150 cm wide, and 15 cm thick. The amount of energy (5.3 kWh) produced by just one unit (of 16 battery modules) is equal to the amount produced by a hundred batteries from 100 laptop computers. A wire (external current limiter) is soldered to the minus of each element (battery) as a connector, which when the current is exceeded (or when short circuit) burns out and protects the circuit, while only the group (of 6 batteries) in which this element was not working, all other batteries continue to work.

Tesla's traction battery is cooled and heated using fluid system based on antifreeze.

When assembling its batteries, Tesla uses cells (batteries) produced by Panasonic in various countries, such as India, China and Mexico. Final modifications and placement of the battery compartment are carried out in the United States. Tesla provides warranty service for its products (including the battery) for up to 8 years.

In the photo (above) the elements are 18650 Panasonic batteries (the elements are rolled on the plus side “+”).

Thus, we found out what the Tesla Model S traction battery consists of.

Thank you for your attention!

Of course, there has been quite a controversial attitude towards this car lately. Many people discuss what he is like, others. There are people who consider the Tesla car to be an excellent element of a PR campaign built on the sale of something that has existed for a long time, but it never occurred to anyone to make a car out of it, and there are few prospects for it, and it even exists

But let's leave these disputes behind and look at the main element of this car - the batteries. There were people who were not lazy and did not hold back a certain amount of money, took and sawed off a car battery.

This is what it looked like

Tesla Motors is the creator of truly revolutionary eco-cars, which are not only mass-produced, but also have unique characteristics that allow them to be used literally every day. Today we will look inside the battery of the Tesla Model S electric car, find out how it works and reveal the magic of the success of this battery.

According to the North American Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Model S requires one recharge of 85 kWh batteries to cover more than 400 km, which is the most significant indicator among similar cars presented on the specialized market. To accelerate to 100 km/h, the electric car only needs 4.4 seconds.

The key to the success of this model is the presence of lithium-ion batteries, the main components of which are supplied to Tesla by Panasonic. Tesla batteries are the stuff of legends. And so one of the owners of such a battery decided to violate its integrity and find out what it was like inside. By the way, the cost of such a battery is 45,000 USD.

The battery is located in the bottom, giving the Tesla a low center of gravity and excellent handling. It is attached to the body using brackets.

Tesla battery. Let's sort it out

The battery compartment is formed by 16 blocks, which are connected in parallel and protected from the environment by means of metal plates, as well as a plastic lining that prevents water from entering.

Before completely disassembling it, the electrical voltage was measured, confirming the working condition of the battery.

The battery assembly is distinguished by high density and precision fitting of parts. The entire picking process takes place in a completely sterile room using robots.

Each unit consists of 74 elements, extremely similar in appearance to simple AA batteries (Panasonic lithium-ion cells), divided into 6 groups. At the same time, it is almost impossible to find out the layout of their placement and operation - this is a big secret, which means that making a replica of this battery will be extremely difficult. We are unlikely to see a Chinese analogue of the Tesla Model S battery!

Graphite serves as the positive electrode, and nickel, cobalt and aluminum oxide serve as the negative electrode. The indicated amount of electrical voltage in the capsule is 3.6V.

The most powerful battery available (its volume is 85 kWh) consists of 7104 similar batteries. And it weighs about 540 kg, and its parameters are 210 cm in length, 150 cm in width and 15 cm in thickness. The amount of energy produced by just one unit of 16 is equal to the amount produced by a hundred laptop batteries.

When assembling their batteries, Tesla uses elements produced in various countries, such as India, China, Mexico, but the final modification and packaging are made in the United States. The company provides warranty service for its products for up to 8 years.

Thus, you learned what the Tesla Model S battery consists of and the principle of its operation.

More interesting things about Tesla: here you go, and here you go

Let's take a look inside the battery of the Tesla Model S electric car and find out how it works.

The battery is located in the bottom, giving the Tesla a low center of gravity and excellent handling. It is attached to the body using brackets.

Let's look at:

Before completely disassembling it, the electrical voltage was measured, confirming the working condition of the battery.

The battery assembly is distinguished by high density and precision fitting of parts. The entire picking process takes place in a completely sterile room using robots.

Graphite serves as the positive electrode, and nickel, cobalt and aluminum oxide serve as the negative electrode. The indicated amount of electrical voltage in the capsule is 3.6V.

Now you know what the battery of the Tesla Model S electric car consists of.